wifi-spectrum-value-helper.h

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/*
 * Copyright (c) 2009 CTTC
 * Copyright (c) 2017 Orange Labs
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 *
 * Authors: Nicola Baldo <nbaldo@cttc.es>
 *          Rediet <getachew.redieteab@orange.com>
 */
 
#ifndef WIFI_SPECTRUM_VALUE_HELPER_H
#define WIFI_SPECTRUM_VALUE_HELPER_H
 
#include "wifi-units.h"
 
#include "ns3/spectrum-value.h"
 
#include <vector>
 
namespace ns3
{
 
/**
 * typedef for a pair of start and stop sub-band indices
 */
using WifiSpectrumBandIndices = std::pair<uint32_t, uint32_t>;
 
/**
 * @ingroup spectrum
 *
 *  This class defines all functions to create a spectrum model for
 *  Wi-Fi based on a a spectral model aligned with an OFDM subcarrier
 *  spacing of 312.5 KHz (model also reused for DSSS modulations)
 */
class WifiSpectrumValueHelper
{
  public:
    /**
     * Destructor
     */
    virtual ~WifiSpectrumValueHelper() = default;
 
    /**
     * Return a SpectrumModel instance corresponding to the center frequency
     * and channel width.  The spectrum model spans the channel width
     * +/- the guard bands (i.e. the model will span (channelWidth +
     * 2 * guardBandwidth) MHz of bandwidth).
     *
     * @param centerFrequencies center frequency per segment
     * @param channelWidth total allocated channel width over all segments
     * @param carrierSpacing carrier spacing
     * @param guardBandwidth total width of the guard band, which will be split over the segments
     * @return the static SpectrumModel instance corresponding to the
     * given carrier frequency and channel width configuration.
     */
    static Ptr<SpectrumModel> GetSpectrumModel(const std::vector<MHz_u>& centerFrequencies,
                                               MHz_u channelWidth,
                                               Hz_u carrierSpacing,
                                               MHz_u guardBandwidth);
 
    /**
     * Create a transmit power spectral density corresponding to DSSS
     *
     * The center frequency typically corresponds to 802.11b channel
     * center frequencies but is not restricted to those frequencies.
     *
     * @note There is no channel width parameter; this method assumes 22 MHz
     *
     * @param centerFrequency center frequency
     * @param txPower transmit power to allocate
     * @param guardBandwidth width of the guard band
     * @returns a pointer to a newly allocated SpectrumValue representing the DSSS Transmit Power
     * Spectral Density in W/Hz
     */
    static Ptr<SpectrumValue> CreateDsssTxPowerSpectralDensity(MHz_u centerFrequency,
                                                               Watt_u txPower,
                                                               MHz_u guardBandwidth);
 
    /**
     * Create a transmit power spectral density corresponding to OFDM
     * (802.11a/g).  Channel width may vary between 20, 10, and 5 MHz.
     * Guard bandwidth also typically varies with channel width.
     *
     * @param centerFrequency center frequency
     * @param channelWidth channel width
     * @param txPower transmit power to allocate
     * @param guardBandwidth width of the guard band
     * @param minInnerBand the minimum relative power in the inner band
     * @param minOuterband the minimum relative power in the outer band
     * @param lowestPoint maximum relative power of the outermost subcarriers of the guard band
     * @return a pointer to a newly allocated SpectrumValue representing the OFDM Transmit Power
     * Spectral Density in W/Hz for each Band
     */
    static Ptr<SpectrumValue> CreateOfdmTxPowerSpectralDensity(MHz_u centerFrequency,
                                                               MHz_u channelWidth,
                                                               Watt_u txPower,
                                                               MHz_u guardBandwidth,
                                                               dBr_u minInnerBand = dBr_u{-20},
                                                               dBr_u minOuterband = dBr_u{-28},
                                                               dBr_u lowestPoint = dBr_u{-40});
 
    /**
     * Create a transmit power spectral density corresponding to OFDM duplicated over multiple 20
     * MHz subchannels. Channel width may vary between 20, 40, 80, and 160 MHz.
     *
     * @param centerFrequencies center frequency per segment
     * @param channelWidth total allocated channel width over all segments
     * @param txPower transmit power to allocate
     * @param guardBandwidth width of the guard band
     * @param minInnerBand the minimum relative power in the inner band
     * @param minOuterband the minimum relative power in the outer band
     * @param lowestPoint maximum relative power of the outermost subcarriers of the guard band
     * @param puncturedSubchannels bitmap indicating whether a 20 MHz subchannel is punctured or not
     * @return a pointer to a newly allocated SpectrumValue representing the duplicated 20 MHz OFDM
     * Transmit Power Spectral Density in W/Hz for each Band
     */
    static Ptr<SpectrumValue> CreateDuplicated20MhzTxPowerSpectralDensity(
        const std::vector<MHz_u>& centerFrequencies,
        MHz_u channelWidth,
        Watt_u txPower,
        MHz_u guardBandwidth,
        dBr_u minInnerBand = dBr_u{-20},
        dBr_u minOuterband = dBr_u{-28},
        dBr_u lowestPoint = dBr_u{-40},
        const std::vector<bool>& puncturedSubchannels = {});
 
    /**
     * Create a transmit power spectral density corresponding to OFDM
     * High Throughput (HT) (802.11n/ac).  Channel width may vary between
     * 20, 40, 80, and 160 MHz.
     *
     * @param centerFrequencies center frequency per segment
     * @param channelWidth total allocated channel width over all segments
     * @param txPower transmit power to allocate
     * @param guardBandwidth width of the guard band
     * @param minInnerBand the minimum relative power in the inner band
     * @param minOuterband the minimum relative power in the outer band
     * @param lowestPoint maximum relative power of the outermost subcarriers of the guard band
     * @return a pointer to a newly allocated SpectrumValue representing the HT OFDM Transmit Power
     * Spectral Density in W/Hz for each Band
     */
    static Ptr<SpectrumValue> CreateHtOfdmTxPowerSpectralDensity(
        const std::vector<MHz_u>& centerFrequencies,
        MHz_u channelWidth,
        Watt_u txPower,
        MHz_u guardBandwidth,
        dBr_u minInnerBand = dBr_u{-20},
        dBr_u minOuterband = dBr_u{-28},
        dBr_u lowestPoint = dBr_u{-40});
 
    /**
     * Create a transmit power spectral density corresponding to OFDM
     * High Efficiency (HE) (802.11ax) for contiguous channels.
     * Channel width may vary between 20, 40, 80, and 160 MHz.
     *
     * @param centerFrequency center frequency
     * @param channelWidth channel width
     * @param txPower transmit power to allocate
     * @param guardBandwidth width of the guard band
     * @param minInnerBand the minimum relative power in the inner band
     * @param minOuterband the minimum relative power in the outer band
     * @param lowestPoint maximum relative power of the outermost subcarriers of the guard band
     * @param puncturedSubchannels bitmap indicating whether a 20 MHz subchannel is punctured or not
     * @return a pointer to a newly allocated SpectrumValue representing the HE OFDM Transmit Power
     * Spectral Density in W/Hz for each Band
     */
    static Ptr<SpectrumValue> CreateHeOfdmTxPowerSpectralDensity(
        MHz_u centerFrequency,
        MHz_u channelWidth,
        Watt_u txPower,
        MHz_u guardBandwidth,
        dBr_u minInnerBand = dBr_u{-20},
        dBr_u minOuterband = dBr_u{-28},
        dBr_u lowestPoint = dBr_u{-40},
        const std::vector<bool>& puncturedSubchannels = {});
 
    /**
     * Create a transmit power spectral density corresponding to OFDM
     * High Efficiency (HE) (802.11ax) made of one or more frequency segment(s).
     * Channel width may vary between 20, 40, 80, and 160 MHz.
     *
     * @param centerFrequencies center frequency per segment
     * @param channelWidth total allocated channel width over all segments
     * @param txPower transmit power to allocate
     * @param guardBandwidth width of the guard band
     * @param minInnerBand the minimum relative power in the inner band
     * @param minOuterband the minimum relative power in the outer band
     * @param lowestPoint maximum relative power of the outermost subcarriers of the guard band
     * @param puncturedSubchannels bitmap indicating whether a 20 MHz subchannel is punctured or not
     * @return a pointer to a newly allocated SpectrumValue representing the HE OFDM Transmit Power
     * Spectral Density in W/Hz for each Band
     */
    static Ptr<SpectrumValue> CreateHeOfdmTxPowerSpectralDensity(
        const std::vector<MHz_u>& centerFrequencies,
        MHz_u channelWidth,
        Watt_u txPower,
        MHz_u guardBandwidth,
        dBr_u minInnerBand = dBr_u{-20},
        dBr_u minOuterband = dBr_u{-28},
        dBr_u lowestPoint = dBr_u{-40},
        const std::vector<bool>& puncturedSubchannels = {});
 
    /**
     * Create a transmit power spectral density corresponding to the OFDMA part
     * of HE TB PPDUs for a given RU.
     * An ideal (i.e. rectangular) spectral mask is considered for the time being.
     *
     * @param centerFrequencies center frequency per segment
     * @param channelWidth total allocated channel width over all segments
     * @param txPower transmit power to allocate
     * @param guardBandwidth width of the guard band
     * @param ru the RU band used by the STA
     * @return a pointer to a newly allocated SpectrumValue representing the HE OFDM Transmit Power
     * Spectral Density on the RU used by the STA in W/Hz for each Band
     */
    static Ptr<SpectrumValue> CreateHeMuOfdmTxPowerSpectralDensity(
        const std::vector<MHz_u>& centerFrequencies,
        MHz_u channelWidth,
        Watt_u txPower,
        MHz_u guardBandwidth,
        const std::vector<WifiSpectrumBandIndices>& ru);
 
    /**
     * Create a transmit power spectral density corresponding to OFDM
     * transmit spectrum mask requirements for 11a/11g/11n/11ac/11ax
     * Channel width may vary between 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 MHz.
     * The default (standard) values are illustrated below.
     *
     *   [ guard band  ][    channel width     ][  guard band ]
     *                   __________   __________                  _ 0 dBr
     *                  /          | |          \
     *                 /           |_|           \                _ -20 dBr
     *             . '                             ' .
     *         . '                                     ' .        _ -28 dBr
     *       .'                                           '.
     *     .'                                               '.
     *   .'                                                   '.  _ lowest point
     *
     *   |-----|                                         |-----|  outerBand left/right
     *         |------|                           |-- ---|        middle band left/right
     *                |-|                       |-|               inner band left/right
     *                  |-----------------------|                 allocated sub-bands
     *   |-----------------------------------------------------|  mask band
     *
     * Please take note that, since guard tones are within the allocated band
     * while not being ideally allocated any power, the inner band had to be
     * shifted inwards and a flat junction band (at -20 dBr) had to be added
     * between the inner and the middle bands.
     *
     * @param c spectrumValue to allocate according to transmit power spectral density mask (in W/Hz
     * for each band)
     * @param allocatedSubBandsPerSegment vector of start and stop subcarrier indexes of the
     * allocated sub bands, for each segment
     * @param maskBand start and stop subcarrier indexes of transmit mask (in case signal doesn't
     * cover whole SpectrumModel)
     * @param txPowerPerBand power allocated to each subcarrier in the allocated sub bands
     * @param nGuardBands size (in number of subcarriers) of the guard band (left and right)
     * @param innerSlopeWidth size (in number of subcarriers) of the inner band (i.e. slope going
     * from 0 dBr to -20 dBr in the figure above)
     * @param minInnerBand the minimum relative power in the inner band (i.e., -20 dBr in the
     * figure above)
     * @param minOuterband the minimum relative power in the outer band (i.e., -28 dBr in the
     * figure above)
     * @param lowestPoint maximum relative power of the outermost subcarriers of the guard band
     * @param puncturedSubBands vector of start and stop subcarrier indexes of the punctured sub
     * bands, for each segment
     * @param puncturedSlopeWidth size (in number of subcarriers) of the punctured band slope
     */
    static void CreateSpectrumMaskForOfdm(
        Ptr<SpectrumValue> c,
        const std::vector<std::vector<WifiSpectrumBandIndices>>& allocatedSubBandsPerSegment,
        const WifiSpectrumBandIndices& maskBand,
        Watt_u txPowerPerBand,
        uint32_t nGuardBands,
        uint32_t innerSlopeWidth,
        dBr_u minInnerBand,
        dBr_u minOuterband,
        dBr_u lowestPoint,
        const std::vector<std::vector<WifiSpectrumBandIndices>>& puncturedSubBands = {},
        uint32_t puncturedSlopeWidth = 0);
 
    /**
     * Normalize the transmit spectrum mask generated by CreateSpectrumMaskForOfdm
     * so that the total transmitted power corresponds to the input value.
     *
     * @param c spectrumValue to normalize (in W/Hz for each band)
     * @param txPower total transmit power to allocate
     */
    static void NormalizeSpectrumMask(Ptr<SpectrumValue> c, Watt_u txPower);
 
    /**
     * Calculate the power of the specified band composed of uniformly-sized sub-bands.
     *
     * @param psd received Power Spectral Density in W/Hz
     * @param segments a vector of pair of start and stop indexes that defines each segment of the
     * band
     *
     * @return band power
     */
    static Watt_u GetBandPowerW(Ptr<SpectrumValue> psd,
                                const std::vector<WifiSpectrumBandIndices>& segments);
};
 
/**
 * @ingroup spectrum
 * Struct defining a frequency range between minFrequency and maxFrequency.
 */
struct FrequencyRange
{
    MHz_u minFrequency{0}; ///< the minimum frequency
    MHz_u maxFrequency{0}; ///< the maximum frequency
};
 
/**
 * Compare two FrequencyRange values
 *
 * @param lhs the FrequencyRange value on the left of operator
 * @param rhs the FrequencyRange value on the right of operator
 *
 * @return true if minFrequency of left is less than minFrequency of right, false otherwise
 */
bool operator<(const FrequencyRange& lhs, const FrequencyRange& rhs);
 
/**
 * Compare two FrequencyRange values
 *
 * @param lhs the FrequencyRange value on the left of operator
 * @param rhs the FrequencyRange value on the right of operator
 *
 * @return true if both minFrequency and maxFrequency of left are equal to minFrequency and
 * maxFrequency of right respectively, false otherwise
 */
bool operator==(const FrequencyRange& lhs, const FrequencyRange& rhs);
 
/**
 * Compare two FrequencyRange values
 *
 * @param lhs the FrequencyRange value on the left of operator
 * @param rhs the FrequencyRange value on the right of operator
 *
 * @return true if either minFrequency or maxFrequency of left different from minFrequency or
 * maxFrequency of right respectively, false otherwise
 */
bool operator!=(const FrequencyRange& lhs, const FrequencyRange& rhs);
 
/**
 * Serialize FrequencyRange values to ostream (human-readable).
 *
 * @param os the output stream
 * @param freqRange the FrequencyRange
 *
 * @return std::ostream
 */
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const FrequencyRange& freqRange);
 
/// Identifier for the frequency range covering the whole wifi spectrum
constexpr FrequencyRange WHOLE_WIFI_SPECTRUM = {MHz_u{2401}, MHz_u{7125}};
 
/// Identifier for the frequency range covering the wifi spectrum in the 2.4 GHz band
constexpr FrequencyRange WIFI_SPECTRUM_2_4_GHZ = {MHz_u{2401}, MHz_u{2483}};
 
/// Identifier for the frequency range covering the wifi spectrum in the 5 GHz band
constexpr FrequencyRange WIFI_SPECTRUM_5_GHZ = {MHz_u{5170}, MHz_u{5915}};
 
/// Identifier for the frequency range covering the wifi spectrum in the 6 GHz band
constexpr FrequencyRange WIFI_SPECTRUM_6_GHZ = {MHz_u{5945}, MHz_u{7125}};
 
} // namespace ns3
 
#endif /*  WIFI_SPECTRUM_VALUE_HELPER_H */