A Discrete-Event Network Simulator
API
rv-battery-model.cc
Go to the documentation of this file.
1 /* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2010 Network Security Lab, University of Washington, Seattle.
4  *
5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
7  * published by the Free Software Foundation;
8  *
9  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12  * GNU General Public License for more details.
13  *
14  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
16  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
17  *
18  * Authors: Sidharth Nabar <snabar@uw.edu>, He Wu <mdzz@u.washington.edu>
19  */
20 
21 #include "rv-battery-model.h"
22 #include "ns3/log.h"
23 #include "ns3/assert.h"
24 #include "ns3/double.h"
25 #include "ns3/trace-source-accessor.h"
26 #include "ns3/simulator.h"
27 #include <cmath>
28 
29 namespace ns3 {
30 
31 NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("RvBatteryModel");
32 
33 NS_OBJECT_ENSURE_REGISTERED (RvBatteryModel);
34 
35 TypeId
37 {
38  static TypeId tid = TypeId ("ns3::RvBatteryModel")
40  .SetGroupName ("Energy")
41  .AddConstructor<RvBatteryModel> ()
42  .AddAttribute ("RvBatteryModelPeriodicEnergyUpdateInterval",
43  "RV battery model sampling interval.",
44  TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)),
47  MakeTimeChecker ())
48  .AddAttribute ("RvBatteryModelLowBatteryThreshold",
49  "Low battery threshold.",
50  DoubleValue (0.10), // as a fraction of the initial energy
52  MakeDoubleChecker<double> ())
53  .AddAttribute ("RvBatteryModelOpenCircuitVoltage",
54  "RV battery model open circuit voltage.",
55  DoubleValue (4.1),
58  MakeDoubleChecker<double> ())
59  .AddAttribute ("RvBatteryModelCutoffVoltage",
60  "RV battery model cutoff voltage.",
61  DoubleValue (3.0),
64  MakeDoubleChecker<double> ())
65  .AddAttribute ("RvBatteryModelAlphaValue",
66  "RV battery model alpha value.",
67  DoubleValue (35220.0),
70  MakeDoubleChecker<double> ())
71  .AddAttribute ("RvBatteryModelBetaValue",
72  "RV battery model beta value.",
73  DoubleValue (0.637),
76  MakeDoubleChecker<double> ())
77  .AddAttribute ("RvBatteryModelNumOfTerms",
78  "The number of terms of the infinite sum for estimating battery level.",
79  IntegerValue (10), // value used in paper
82  MakeIntegerChecker<int> ())
83  .AddTraceSource ("RvBatteryModelBatteryLevel",
84  "RV battery model battery level.",
86  "ns3::TracedValueCallback::Double")
87  .AddTraceSource ("RvBatteryModelBatteryLifetime",
88  "RV battery model battery lifetime.",
90  "ns3::TracedValueCallback::Time")
91  ;
92  return tid;
93 }
94 
96 {
97  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
99  m_timeStamps.push_back (m_lastSampleTime);
100  m_previousLoad = -1.0;
101  m_batteryLevel = 1; // fully charged
102  m_lifetime = Seconds (0.0);
103 }
104 
106 {
107  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
108 }
109 
110 double
112 {
113  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
114  return m_alpha * GetSupplyVoltage ();
115 }
116 
117 double
119 {
120  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
121  // average of Voc and Vcutoff
123 }
124 
125 double
127 {
128  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
131 }
132 
133 double
135 {
136  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
137  return GetBatteryLevel ();
138 }
139 
140 void
142 {
143  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
144 
145  // do not update if battery is already dead
146  if (m_batteryLevel <= 0)
147  {
148  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("RvBatteryModel:Battery is dead!");
149  return;
150  }
151 
152  // do not update if simulation has finished
153  if (Simulator::IsFinished ())
154  {
155  return;
156  }
157 
158  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("RvBatteryModel:Updating remaining energy!");
159 
161 
162  double currentLoad = CalculateTotalCurrent () * 1000; // must be in mA
163  double calculatedAlpha = Discharge (currentLoad, Simulator::Now ());
164 
165  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("RvBatteryModel:Calculated alpha = " << calculatedAlpha <<
166  " time = " << Simulator::Now ().As (Time::S));
167 
168  // calculate battery level
169  m_batteryLevel = 1 - (calculatedAlpha / m_alpha);
170  if (m_batteryLevel < 0)
171  {
172  m_batteryLevel = 0;
173  }
174 
175  // check if battery level is below the low battery threshold.
177  {
179  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("RvBatteryModel:Battery level below threshold!");
181  }
182 
183  m_previousLoad = currentLoad;
187  this);
188 }
189 
190 void
192 {
193  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << interval);
194  m_samplingInterval = interval;
195 }
196 
197 Time
199 {
200  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
201  return m_samplingInterval;
202 }
203 
204 void
206 {
207  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << voltage);
208  NS_ASSERT (voltage >= 0);
209  m_openCircuitVoltage = voltage;
210 }
211 
212 double
214 {
215  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
216  return m_openCircuitVoltage;
217 }
218 
219 void
221 {
222  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << voltage);
223  NS_ASSERT (voltage <= m_openCircuitVoltage);
224  m_cutoffVoltage = voltage;
225 }
226 
227 double
229 {
230  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
231  return m_cutoffVoltage;
232 }
233 
234 void
236 {
237  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << alpha);
238  NS_ASSERT (alpha >= 0);
239  m_alpha = alpha;
240 }
241 
242 double
244 {
245  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
246  return m_alpha;
247 }
248 
249 void
251 {
252  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << beta);
253  NS_ASSERT (beta >= 0);
254  m_beta = beta;
255 }
256 
257 double
259 {
260  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
261  return m_beta;
262 }
263 
264 double
266 {
267  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
269  return m_batteryLevel;
270 }
271 
272 Time
274 {
275  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
276  return m_lifetime;
277 }
278 
279 void
281 {
282  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << num);
283  m_numOfTerms = num;
284 }
285 
286 int
288 {
289  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
290  return m_numOfTerms;
291 }
292 
293 /*
294  * Private functions start here.
295  */
296 
297 void
299 {
300  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
301  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("RvBatteryModel:Starting battery level update!");
302  UpdateEnergySource (); // start periodic sampling of load (total current)
303 }
304 
305 void
307 {
308  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
309  BreakDeviceEnergyModelRefCycle (); // break reference cycle
310 }
311 
312 void
314 {
315  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
316  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("RvBatteryModel:Energy depleted!");
317  NotifyEnergyDrained (); // notify DeviceEnergyModel objects
318 }
319 
320 double
322 {
323  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << load << t);
324 
325  // record only when load changes
326  if (load != m_previousLoad)
327  {
328  m_load.push_back (load);
329  m_previousLoad = load;
331  m_timeStamps.push_back (t);
332  }
333  else
334  {
335  if (!m_timeStamps.empty())
336  {
337  m_timeStamps[m_timeStamps.size () - 1] = t;
338  }
339  }
340 
341  m_lastSampleTime = t;
342 
343  // calculate alpha for new t
344  NS_ASSERT (m_load.size () == m_timeStamps.size () - 1); // size must be equal
345  double calculatedAlpha = 0.0;
346  if (m_timeStamps.size () == 1)
347  {
348  // constant load
349  calculatedAlpha = m_load[0] * RvModelAFunction (t, t, Seconds (0.0),
350  m_beta);
351  }
352  else
353  {
354  // changing load
355  for (uint64_t i = 1; i < m_timeStamps.size (); i++)
356  {
357  calculatedAlpha += m_load[i - 1] * RvModelAFunction (t, m_timeStamps[i],
358  m_timeStamps[i - 1],
359  m_beta);
360  }
361  }
362 
363  return calculatedAlpha;
364 }
365 
366 double
367 RvBatteryModel::RvModelAFunction (Time t, Time sk, Time sk_1, double beta)
368 {
369  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << t << sk << sk_1 << beta);
370 
371  // everything is in minutes
372  double firstDelta = (t - sk).GetMinutes ();
373  double secondDelta = (t - sk_1).GetMinutes ();
374  double delta = (sk - sk_1).GetMinutes ();
375 
376  double sum = 0.0;
377  for (int m = 1; m <= m_numOfTerms; m++)
378  {
379  double square = beta * beta * m * m;
380  sum += (std::exp (-square * (firstDelta)) - std::exp (-square * (secondDelta))) / square;
381  }
382  return delta + 2 * sum;
383 }
384 
385 } // namespace ns3
This class can be used to hold variables of floating point type such as 'double' or 'float'.
Definition: double.h:41
Introspection did not find any typical Config paths.
Definition: energy-source.h:87
void BreakDeviceEnergyModelRefCycle(void)
This function is called to break reference cycle between EnergySource and DeviceEnergyModel.
double CalculateTotalCurrent(void)
void NotifyEnergyDrained(void)
This function notifies all DeviceEnergyModel of energy depletion event.
void Cancel(void)
This method is syntactic sugar for the ns3::Simulator::Cancel method.
Definition: event-id.cc:53
Hold a signed integer type.
Definition: integer.h:44
Rakhmatov Vrudhula non-linear battery model.
double m_lowBatteryTh
low battery threshold, as a fraction of the initial energy
int GetNumOfTerms(void) const
double m_openCircuitVoltage
Open circuit voltage (in Volts)
virtual double GetSupplyVoltage(void) const
void SetNumOfTerms(int num)
Sets the number of terms of the infinite sum for estimating battery level.
virtual void DoInitialize(void)
Defined in ns3::Object.
double m_cutoffVoltage
Cutoff voltage (in Volts)
virtual double GetEnergyFraction(void)
Time GetSamplingInterval(void) const
EventId m_currentSampleEvent
Current sample event.
static TypeId GetTypeId(void)
Get the type ID.
double GetAlpha(void) const
void SetSamplingInterval(Time interval)
Time m_lastSampleTime
Last sample time.
virtual double GetInitialEnergy(void) const
double m_previousLoad
load value (total current) of previous sampling
std::vector< Time > m_timeStamps
time stamps of load profile
int m_numOfTerms
Number# of terms for infinite sum in battery level estimation.
double GetCutoffVoltage(void) const
double Discharge(double load, Time t)
Discharges the battery.
void SetCutoffVoltage(double voltage)
Sets cutoff voltage of battery.
virtual double GetRemainingEnergy(void)
void SetBeta(double beta)
Sets the beta value for the battery model.
Time GetLifetime(void) const
virtual void DoDispose(void)
Defined in ns3::Object.
std::vector< double > m_load
load profile
TracedValue< Time > m_lifetime
time of death of the battery
Time m_samplingInterval
Sampling interval.
void SetOpenCircuitVoltage(double voltage)
Sets open circuit voltage of battery.
double RvModelAFunction(Time t, Time sk, Time sk_1, double beta)
RV model A function.
void SetAlpha(double alpha)
Sets the alpha value for the battery model.
double GetOpenCircuitVoltage(void) const
virtual void UpdateEnergySource(void)
Implements UpdateEnergySource.
void HandleEnergyDrainedEvent(void)
Handles the remaining energy going to zero event.
double GetBeta(void) const
double m_alpha
alpha value of RV model, in Coulomb
double GetBatteryLevel(void)
TracedValue< double > m_batteryLevel
Battery level is defined as: output of Discharge function / alpha value.
double m_beta
beta value of RV model, in second^-1
static EventId Schedule(Time const &delay, FUNC f, Ts &&... args)
Schedule an event to expire after delay.
Definition: simulator.h:556
static bool IsFinished(void)
Check if the simulation should finish.
Definition: simulator.cc:165
static Time Now(void)
Return the current simulation virtual time.
Definition: simulator.cc:195
Simulation virtual time values and global simulation resolution.
Definition: nstime.h:103
@ S
second
Definition: nstime.h:114
AttributeValue implementation for Time.
Definition: nstime.h:1308
a unique identifier for an interface.
Definition: type-id.h:59
TypeId SetParent(TypeId tid)
Set the parent TypeId.
Definition: type-id.cc:922
#define NS_ASSERT(condition)
At runtime, in debugging builds, if this condition is not true, the program prints the source file,...
Definition: assert.h:67
Ptr< const AttributeAccessor > MakeDoubleAccessor(T1 a1)
Create an AttributeAccessor for a class data member, or a lone class get functor or set method.
Definition: double.h:42
Ptr< const AttributeAccessor > MakeIntegerAccessor(T1 a1)
Create an AttributeAccessor for a class data member, or a lone class get functor or set method.
Definition: integer.h:45
Ptr< const AttributeAccessor > MakeTimeAccessor(T1 a1)
Create an AttributeAccessor for a class data member, or a lone class get functor or set method.
Definition: nstime.h:1309
#define NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE(name)
Define a Log component with a specific name.
Definition: log.h:205
#define NS_LOG_DEBUG(msg)
Use NS_LOG to output a message of level LOG_DEBUG.
Definition: log.h:273
#define NS_LOG_FUNCTION(parameters)
If log level LOG_FUNCTION is enabled, this macro will output all input parameters separated by ",...
#define NS_OBJECT_ENSURE_REGISTERED(type)
Register an Object subclass with the TypeId system.
Definition: object-base.h:45
Time Seconds(double value)
Construct a Time in the indicated unit.
Definition: nstime.h:1244
Ptr< const TraceSourceAccessor > MakeTraceSourceAccessor(T a)
Create a TraceSourceAccessor which will control access to the underlying trace source.
Every class exported by the ns3 library is enclosed in the ns3 namespace.
Ptr< const AttributeChecker > MakeTimeChecker(const Time min, const Time max)
Helper to make a Time checker with bounded range.
Definition: time.cc:522
float alpha
Plot alpha value (transparency)